There is a paradox in Algeria. In fact, the largest country in Africa, in the Arab world and the Mediterranean Sea, holding significant natural and human resources, with the 27th army in the world among 126 inventoried nations, in addition of an ideal geographic situation in the Europe, Mediterranean, the Sahel and the Middle East space, still failed to occupy a position in "emerging countries " and "regional power".

The foundations of the yesterday’s power are not the same today, in the bipolar world, they were: territory, population, economy, a weight in international organizations / institutions, military force, natural resources exploitation, research and development system and the worldwide social -cultural influence. Whereas the digital revolution, requiring globalization, has also emerged new transnational threats increasingly hybrid, this has deeply affected the power principles and components. From then one, the power new foundations are: economic prosperity, alliance systems integrity, social cohesion, the network mastery and control as well as a worldwide projection ability.

Therefore, Algeria possesses some traditional power attributes and great potential of the new power thwarted by economic performance deficiencies, mastery, control of networks and integration into collective strategies, in order to confirm that this country owns a real power widely inferior to its power potential. Which initiatives for this country, sharing almost all its boundaries with states whose security situation is more alarming, to explore its real regional power?